Jabez Upham (August 23, 1764 - November 8, 1811) was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts, brother of George Baxter Upham, and cousin of Charles Wentworth Upham.
Born in Brookfield, Massachusetts, Upham graduated from Harvard University in 1785. He studied law. He was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Sturbridge, Massachusetts. He moved to Claremont, New Hampshire, and thence to Brookfield, Massachusetts, where he continued the practice of law. He served as member of the State house of representatives 1804-1806 and in 1811.
Upham was elected as a Federalist to the Tenth and Eleventh Congresses, and served from March 4, 1807, until his resignation in 1810. He died in Brookfield, Massachusetts, November 8, 1811. He was interred in New Cemetery, West Brookfield, Massachusetts.